193 papers
This population-based study in Ontario suggests that the post-pandemic surge in invasive Group A Streptococcal disease is primarily driven by cumulative SARS-CoV-2 exposure and associated immune dysregulation rather than an "immunity debt" caused by reduced pathogen exposure.
This cross-cohort study found that neurological Long COVID and post-COVID cognitive impairment lack a shared, consistent autoantibody signature in cerebrospinal fluid or serum, suggesting that a dominant, common CNS autoantibody-mediated mechanism is not the primary driver of these conditions.
This five-year hospital-based study in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, reveals a low but steady rate of rifampicin-resistant tuberculosis (2.3%) driven primarily by primary transmission of strains harboring the codon 526 rpoB mutation, underscoring the urgent need to shift from reactive clinical management to proactive public health strategies like universal drug susceptibility testing and enhanced contact tracing.
This study demonstrates that wastewater SARS-CoV-2 RNA concentrations, when adjusted for variant dynamics and surveillance factors, can accurately predict confirmed, hospitalized, and severe COVID-19 cases approximately one week in advance, revealing that the divergence between wastewater signals and reported cases stems from reduced healthcare-seeking behavior and testing rather than changes in viral shedding.
This genomic epidemiology study reveals that African *Treponema pallidum* strains exhibit remarkable local diversity and limited global sharing compared to high-income countries, with significantly lower macrolide resistance, underscoring the need for intensive local sampling to inform targeted surveillance, treatment guidelines, and vaccine design.
This study estimates that SARS-CoV-2 caused a population mortality burden in Ontario approximately three to four times higher than seasonal influenza A between 2020 and 2025, with virus-attributable deaths remaining elevated above pre-pandemic levels even after the public health emergency ended, while highlighting that influenza and RSV mortality estimates are highly sensitive to seasonal modeling adjustments.
This multiyear retrospective study of children with suspected meningitis in Bangladesh reveals that human parvovirus 4 (PARV4) is frequently detected in cerebrospinal fluid and is independently associated with a significantly increased risk of in-hospital mortality, suggesting its role as an emerging neuroinvasive pathogen in low- and middle-income countries.
This interview study identifies key behavioural determinants of testing during a hypothetical avian influenza outbreak, highlighting that individual autonomy, personal and familial health benefits, external constraints, and trust in authorities significantly influence testing decisions, while past pandemic experiences shape current attitudes.
This study presents a rapid, extraction-free, one-pot RPA-CRISPR assay that enables highly sensitive and specific detection of *Plasmodium* directly from whole blood at ambient temperature, offering a promising tool for decentralized malaria diagnostics.
This study presents a machine learning-enhanced, smartphone-based CRISPR-Cas12a lateral flow assay platform that achieves highly sensitive (96.7%) and specific (100%) detection of circulating HPV DNA in plasma, offering a robust point-of-care solution for cervical cancer screening that outperforms traditional visual interpretation.
This study analyzes long-term surveillance data from five South Indian districts to identify spatiotemporal patterns and climate-driven hotspots of scrub typhus, demonstrating that precipitation, humidity, and vegetation positively influence incidence while temperature negatively correlates, and utilizing these insights to develop and evaluate statistical, machine learning, and deep learning models for effective short-term disease forecasting and targeted intervention.
This study identifies a highly accurate five-marker plasma signature (IFN-γ, IL-22, IL-10, methionine, and oxoproline) that effectively distinguishes pulmonary tuberculosis from other respiratory infections, meeting WHO criteria for rapid, non-sputum diagnostic and triage tests.
This study demonstrates that severe dengue is driven by the coordinated activation of endothelial dysfunction, acute-phase inflammation, and mast cell mediators, identifying specific biomarkers like Ang2, CXCL10, CRP, and chymase as valuable indicators for assessing disease severity and organ injury.
This systematic review synthesizes epidemiological data, risk factors, and mathematical modeling of Nipah virus from 119 studies to characterize its severe disease outcomes, variable fatality rates, and transmission dynamics, while providing an accessible R package to support future outbreak responses.
This study of Ethiopian malaria patients reveals that while mixed *Plasmodium vivax* and *Plasmodium falciparum* infections exhibit altered parasite and gametocyte densities compared to mono-infections, they do not show evidence of interspecies competition in mosquitoes and remain a significant, often undetected, risk for sustaining malaria transmission.
This study establishes a novel, optimized protocol for extracting high-quality genomic DNA directly from QuantiFERON-TB Gold tubes, demonstrating that the resulting DNA is suitable for both PCR and whole-exome sequencing, thereby enabling the integration of latent tuberculosis diagnosis with downstream molecular research without requiring additional blood sampling.
This study analyzes genetic sequencing data from England to demonstrate that successive SARS-CoV-2 variants (Alpha, Delta, and Omicron) exhibited progressively higher transmissibility and increasingly heterogeneous spatial dispersion, while sub-variants within the same clade showed no significant differences in these traits.
This study identifies that cytomegalovirus serostatus and plasma MCP-1 levels are significant, age- and sex-independent biomarkers associated with the magnitude of antibody responses to seasonal influenza vaccination, suggesting their potential utility in predicting individual vaccine efficacy.
This paper presents a comprehensive, high-resolution age-structured mathematical model of pertussis transmission that integrates complex immunity dynamics, heterogeneous infection types, and detailed vaccination histories to evaluate the population-level impact of various vaccination strategies and identify key drivers of disease resurgence.
This cross-sectional study of 70 NS1-positive patients at AIIMS Rajkot from September 2023 to November 2024 reveals that DENV-2 is the predominant dengue serotype (75.7%) affecting young adults and children, with a notably low incidence of severe disease.