242 papers
Infectious diseases represent one of the most dynamic frontiers in global health, covering everything from seasonal flu outbreaks to emerging viral threats that cross borders. This field focuses on how pathogens spread, how our immune systems respond, and the strategies scientists use to stop infections before they become epidemics. Because the science moves fast, waiting for traditional publication often means missing critical insights that could save lives.
At Gist.Science, we process every new preprint in this category directly from medRxiv to ensure you see the latest findings the moment they appear. Our team transforms these raw studies into both accessible plain-language explanations and detailed technical summaries, bridging the gap between complex research and public understanding. Below are the latest papers in infectious diseases, updated daily with fresh insights from the global research community.
By analyzing Ervebo's immunogenicity timeline and combining it with known cross-reactivity data, this study predicts that the vaccine likely provides protection against Bundibugyo virus disease by maintaining antibody levels above putative protective thresholds despite a 2.8-fold reduction in immune recognition compared to Ebola virus.
This study demonstrates that persistent *Borrelia burgdorferi* protein antigens within CD14⁺CD16⁺ monocytes, rather than ongoing bacterial infection, drive monocyte-skewed immune dysregulation and inflammatory transcriptional changes in patients with post-treatment Lyme disease syndrome (PTLDS).
This nationwide retrospective analysis of Nepal from 2019 to 2024 reveals that tuberculosis notifications increased by 51% during the post-pandemic recovery period, with significant spatiotemporal clustering identified in the central valley and other specific regions, highlighting the need for geographically targeted control strategies.
This study validates an in-house, culture-free amplicon-based targeted next-generation sequencing assay using Oxford Nanopore Technology that successfully identifies *Mycobacterium tuberculosis* lineages and predicts resistance to 16 anti-TB drugs directly from clinical specimens with high concordance to whole-genome sequencing and phenotypic testing.
In a study of adults with presumptive tuberculosis in Brazil and South Africa, a negative QuantiFERON-TB Gold Plus result provided insufficient diagnostic information to rule out active disease, indicating that such results should not halt further clinical evaluation.
This comparative implementation study in Haridwar, India, demonstrates that both facility- and home-based hepatitis C self-testing significantly improve testing coverage and uptake in urban slums compared to standard care, with the home-based model showing higher acceptance rates, though the overall low positivity rate suggests untargeted screening alone may be insufficient for identifying infections without additional risk-stratification strategies.
This study quantitatively demonstrates that inadequate pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic target attainment with current standard-of-care antibiotics largely explains the poor clinical cure rates in nontuberculous mycobacterial infections, while identifying promising alternatives like bedaquiline and omadacycline to guide future treatment strategies.
This mixed-methods study demonstrates that nasopharyngeal aspirates and stool sample collection are feasible, safe, and acceptable child-friendly alternatives for molecular tuberculosis diagnosis in young children with severe pneumonia across high-burden countries.
This study of U.S. adults with Long COVID reveals that approximately 12% experienced a worsening of pre-existing health conditions, with respiratory issues being the most common, leading to significant challenges in accessing care and performing daily activities.
This 13-year retrospective study of 125 brucellosis patients in an endemic region reveals that genitourinary involvement occurs in 14.4% of cases, often mimicking urological emergencies with normal leukocyte counts, and is effectively managed with doxycycline-rifampicin therapy guided by Coombs anti-Brucella serology, thereby preventing unnecessary surgical interventions.